Nuclear Fusion as Energy Provider Essay Example for Free

Nuclear Fusion as Energy Provider quizFission replys differ from radioactive decay both in the way that the reaction must be thaumaturgeted and in the type of products that are formed 1. Radioactive decay is a passive action, while nuclear fission is active. For radioactive decay, the atom is un still while the nuclei in the process of fission absorb a neutron, indeed oscillate to become unstable. Moreover, the product of radioactive decay is only an atom of other element while the products of fission are 3 neutrons and 2 different elements. Hydrogen and helium are by remote the most abundant element, which is 89% and 11% respectively 1. The process of making the simple elements (like lithium, etc.) is called nucleogenesis. Hydrogen acts as a producer, which is the start of the nucleogenesis. It converts to helium in atomic conglutination.When hydrogen is used up to produce helium, fusion of helium with other elements occurs. Helium nuclei react to form beryllium, carbon , oxygen, neon and magnesium 1If helium is used up to produce the elements mentioned above, carbon nuclei combine to produce elementsAlthough the production of hydrogen and helium is small, it is still possible for the star to produce other elements. There are 2 r prohibitedes to gene roll lithium despatch 1Route 2The first route shows the simple rule of fusion, while the second route shows the changes of the heart and soul by the collision between an atom and an electron. The proton number and the structure of the nucleus are changed when the electron reacts with it. 1An unstable nucleus may become more stable through radioactive decay. Some heavy nuclei pile in any case become more stable when they split into two smaller parts. This is called thermonuclear fission. For example, when a uranium-235 nucleus is bombarded by a neutron, it splits into two smaller nuclei. Two or three neutrons and a large amount of brawniness are released.Energy is released when light nuclei fuse to gether to form a heavier nucleus. This process is called nuclear fusion. For example, a deuterium nucleus ( H) can fuse with a tritium ( H) nucleus to form a helium-4 nucleus ( He), psychotherapeutic a neutron and a large amount of brawn. The following shows the concept of fusion.For nuclear fission, each fission reaction release 200 million eV (where 1 eV= 1.602?10-19J) 3. By calculation,200?106?1.602?10-19=3.204?10-10 JFor nuclear fusion, there are many combinations of fusion, while only 1 type of fusion will be considered, the typical fusion deuterium nucleus ( H) and tritium ( H) nucleus.This shows the fusion reaction of deuterium and tritium. The energy of the helium is 3.5MeV and the energy of the neutron is 14.1MeV, which give the total of 17.6MeV of energy3. By calculation,17.6?106?1.602?10-19=2.81952?10-12 JThe figure below shows a schematic diagram of nuclear power plant.The nuclear fuel used, uranium(U), is contained in fuel rods. There is only 0.7% of naturally occurr ing uranium is the fissile U-235, where the rest is U-238. Because of this, the fuel used is first enriched by increasing the proportion of U-235 to about 3%. 2 The neutrons released during fission often travel too fast to trigger further fissions. The fuel rods are surrounded by a moderator, which may be water or graphite. The neutrons are slowed down when they collide with the nuclei in the moderator. The rate of reaction is controlled by control rods that can be locomote in and out of the reactor. They are do of materials like boron or cadmium, which can absorb neutrons. When the control rods are moved in, the rate of bowed stringed instrument reaction decreases. When they are moved out, the reaction is speeded up. In case of emergency, all control rods are moved in to shut the reactor.FissionFusionAdvantageDisadvantageAdvantageDisadvantage-chain reaction can take place-highly radioactive used fuel-unlimited supply of fuel-uncontrollable-can be controlled-long half-lives-prod uct of fusion is stable-requires high temperature-2 loops to avoid radioactive substances reach the turbine-formation of bi-products-product is non-radioactive-product with short half-livesNuclear Fusion can be a good energy supply, however, there are some challenges that scientists are facing. Firstly, nuclear fusion is uncontrollable, once it is out of control, explosion of hydrogen bomb would occur. Secondly, it requires high and sustainable temperature to generate galvanizingity or energy, it costs so much. Lastly, the fusion power station will be occupied for military use, which may lead a catastrophic war.Reference1. Articles(given)Lise MeitnerFusion Powering the future?2. natural philosophy in Life Electricity, Magnetism and Atomic Physics LongmanS.S. Tong, K.S. Lam, S.C. ChiuP.176 range in airP.177 penetrating powerP.178 deflection of nuclear radiation in electric and magnetic fieldP.221-225 Nuclear energy3. WikipediaFusion http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fusion Fission http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fissionPower Plant http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TalkFossil_fuel_power_plant4. travel Physics ASP.172 eV5. Salters Chemical IdeasP.20 properties of ?,? and ? emission